سورۃ البقرۃ میں آیۃُ الطَّهَارَة اور قراءاتِ قرآنیہ: امام قرطبیؒ و امام رازیؒ کا منہجِ استدلال

The Verse of Ṭahārah in Surah Al-Baqarah and Qirāʾāt al-Qurʾāniyyah: The Methodology of Argument of Imam al-Qurtubī and Imam al-Rāzī

Abstract

This paper explores the Verse of Purification (Āyat al-Ṭahārah) in Surah Al-Baqarah and its implications in Qur’anic recitations (Qirā’āt) from a jurisprudential and exegetical perspective. It specifically examines the interpretative approaches of Imam Razi and Imam Qurtubi, analyzing how differences in Qur’anic recitation influence legal rulings and interpretations. The key question addressed is: How do the variations in the recitation of "حَتَّى يَطْهُرْنَ" (ḥattā yaṭhurna) and "حَتَّى يَطَّهَّرْنَ" (ḥattā yaṭṭahharna) impact Islamic law and exegesis? This research follows a comparative and analytical methodology, focusing on the distinctive reasoning of Imam Razi and Imam Qurtubi. Imam Razi, in his commentary Mafātīḥ al-Ghayb, employs a rational, linguistic, and grammatical approach, whereas Imam Qurtubi, in Al-Jāmi‘li Aḥkām al-Qur’ān, emphasizes legal principles and linguistic aspects. Findings indicate that differences in Qirā’āt can lead to significant variations in legal rulings, particularly concerning purification after menstruation. The majority of jurists hold that ghusl (ritual bath) is necessary before marital relations, whereas Hanafi scholars allow certain exceptions. The study recommends further research on the role of Qirā’āt in legal interpretations, a comparative study of juristic methodologies, and an examination of Qirā’āt’s impact on contemporary Islamic jurisprudence. This research highlights the scholarly depth of Qur’anic recitations and their essential role in shaping Islamic law, offering valuable insights for students, scholars, and legal experts alike.